Random-scan displays are designed to draw all the component lines of a picture 30 to 60 times each second.

After all the line-drawing commands are processed, the system cycles back to the first line command in the list. To display a specified picture, the system cycles through the set of commands in the display file, drawing each component line in turn. Picture definition is stored as a set of line-drawing commands in an area of memory referred to as the refresh display file. It is also called vector display, stroke-writing display, or calligraphic display. In this technique, the electron beam is directed only to the part of the screen where the picture is to be drawn rather than scanning from left to right and top to bottom as in raster scan. At the end of each scan line, the electron beam returns to the left side of the screen to begin displaying the next scan line. Stored intensity values are then retrieved from the refresh buffer and “painted” on the screen one row (scan line) at a time as shown in the following illustration.Įach screen point is referred to as a pixel (picture element) or pel. This memory area holds the set of intensity values for all the screen points. Picture definition is stored in memory area called the Refresh Buffer or Frame Buffer. As the electron beam moves across each row, the beam intensity is turned on and off to create a pattern of illuminated spots.

In a raster scan system, the electron beam is swept across the screen, one row at a time from top to bottom. There are two ways (Random scan and Raster scan) by which we can display an object on the screen. It redraws the picture by directing the electron beam back over the same screen points quickly. When the beam hits the screen, the phosphor emits a small spot of light at each position contacted by the electron beam. The electron beam passes through focusing and deflection systems that direct it towards specified positions on the phosphor-coated screen. The electron gun emits a beam of electrons (cathode rays). The main element of a video monitor is the Cathode Ray Tube (CRT), shown in the following illustration. The primary output device in a graphical system is the video monitor. In other words, we can say that computer graphics is a rendering tool for the generation and manipulation of images. It involves computations, creation, and manipulation of data. Computer graphics is an art of drawing pictures on computer screens with the help of programming.

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